Design of an IoT‐Based Smart Gas Cylinder Monitoring System for Households in Minna LGA, Niger State
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Background of the study:
Household energy needs often include the use of gas cylinders for cooking and heating. In Minna LGA, Niger State, the management and monitoring of gas cylinder levels are traditionally handled manually, which can lead to dangerous situations such as gas shortages or leaks. An IoT‐based smart gas cylinder monitoring system presents an innovative approach to enhancing household safety and energy efficiency. By equipping gas cylinders with sensors that measure pressure and remaining gas levels, this system continuously transmits real‐time data to a centralized monitoring platform (Ibrahim, 2023). The technology enables homeowners to receive alerts when gas levels fall below a critical threshold, thereby preventing sudden shortages and ensuring timely refills. Additionally, the system can detect abnormal fluctuations that may indicate leaks or faulty equipment, thereby enhancing safety measures. Integration with mobile applications further empowers users with instant notifications and usage history, promoting better resource management and cost efficiency (Adeniyi, 2024). By automating the monitoring process, the system minimizes human error and reduces the risks associated with manual readings. The predictive analytics component can also forecast usage patterns, enabling more efficient scheduling for gas refills and maintenance. As households increasingly adopt digital solutions for energy management, an IoT‐based gas cylinder monitoring system aligns with global trends toward safer and more efficient home automation (Udo, 2025). Such a system not only improves safety standards but also contributes to overall energy conservation and sustainable household management.
Statement of the problem:
Households in Minna LGA currently face safety and operational challenges due to the manual monitoring of gas cylinders. Traditional methods are labor‐intensive, error‐prone, and unable to provide continuous oversight, leading to sudden gas shortages or undetected leaks that can pose serious safety hazards (Ibrahim, 2023). The lack of real‐time data prevents timely intervention and increases the risk of accidents and fire hazards. Moreover, without automated monitoring, households often experience inefficient usage and unnecessary wastage, contributing to higher operational costs and energy inefficiency. Financial constraints and limited access to modern monitoring technologies exacerbate these issues, leaving many households vulnerable to the risks associated with gas cylinder usage. The absence of an integrated system also means that there is no centralized repository for tracking gas consumption patterns, which hinders effective planning and resource management (Adeniyi, 2024). Consequently, there is a critical need for an IoT‐based solution that provides real‐time monitoring, automated alerts, and predictive maintenance for gas cylinders, thereby enhancing household safety and efficiency (Udo, 2025).
Objectives of the study:
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To design an IoT‐based smart gas cylinder monitoring system for real‐time tracking of gas levels.
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To evaluate the system’s impact on improving household safety and reducing gas wastage.
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To recommend integration strategies for incorporating the system into existing household energy management practices.
Research questions:
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How effective is the IoT‐based system in monitoring gas cylinder levels in real time?
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What improvements in safety and operational efficiency are observed after system implementation?
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How can the system be integrated with current household energy management practices?
Significance of the study:
This study is significant as it addresses critical safety concerns in household gas usage by implementing an IoT‐based monitoring system. The real‐time data and predictive alerts enhance safety, reduce wastage, and improve energy management, ultimately contributing to a more secure and efficient household environment.
Scope and limitations of the study:
This study is limited to the design, implementation, and evaluation of an IoT‐based smart gas cylinder monitoring system for households in Minna LGA, Niger State. It does not extend to industrial gas monitoring systems or other regions.
Definitions of terms:
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IoT (Internet of Things): A network of interconnected devices that communicate real‐time data.
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Gas Cylinder Monitoring: The process of continuously tracking the gas level and pressure in a cylinder.
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Smart System: A technology‐driven solution that automates data collection and analysis.
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